An Expat’s Guide to Mahjong in Hong Kong
Mahjong is an integral part of Hong Kong’s culture, blending skill, strategy, and social interaction. Whether you're an expat looking to learn the game for fun or hoping to dive into the competitive side, this guide will introduce you to the basics of mahjong, where to play, and how to get started.
What is Mahjong?
Mahjong is a tile-based game traditionally played by four players. The goal is to form sets (melds) and a complete hand (mahjong) by drawing and discarding tiles. The game involves elements of luck, strategy, and memory.
Basic Rules of Mahjong
1. The Tiles
A standard mahjong set consists of 144 tiles, divided into the following categories:
Suit Tiles: Characters, Bamboo, and Circles (1–9 in each suit)
Honor Tiles: Winds (East, South, West, North) and Dragons (Red, Green, White)
Bonus Tiles: Flowers and Seasons (used for extra points in some variations)
2. The Objective
Each player starts with 13 tiles and takes turns drawing and discarding tiles to form a complete winning hand of 14 tiles. A winning hand typically consists of four melds (three tiles each) and a pair (two matching tiles).
3. Melds and Sets
Pung: Three identical tiles
Chow: Three consecutive tiles of the same suit
Kong: Four identical tiles (requires drawing an extra tile)
Pair: Two identical tiles
4. Gameplay
The game starts with players drawing tiles and discarding unwanted ones.
Players can “pong” or “chow” a discarded tile to form a meld.
A player wins when they complete a full hand and declare "mahjong."
Types of Mahjong in Hong Kong
There are different variations of mahjong, but the most common in Hong Kong is Hong Kong-style mahjong. Other styles include Cantonese, Taiwanese, Japanese (Riichi), and American mahjong, each with unique rules and scoring systems.
Hong Kong-Style Mahjong
Uses 13 tiles per player (drawing a 14th to win)
Includes basic scoring with bonus points for special hands
Played with a mix of strategy and quick decision-making
Where to Play Mahjong in Hong Kong
1. Private Games
Many locals play at home with family and friends. If you’re invited to a mahjong session, it’s a great way to experience the game in an authentic setting.
2. Mahjong Parlors (麻雀館)
Mahjong parlors are common in Hong Kong, where players can rent a table and play. Some popular venues include:
Gentlemen’s Clubs & Private Mahjong Lounges – Upscale options with a more exclusive environment
Public Mahjong Houses – Licensed establishments where locals gather to play for leisure or money
3. Social Clubs & Expat Groups
Several expat communities and clubs in Hong Kong organize mahjong nights, where newcomers can learn the game in a casual setting.
4. Online Mahjong
For beginners looking to practice, online mahjong apps and games provide a great way to get familiar with the rules before playing in person.
Mahjong Etiquette & Tips for Beginners
Respect the game: Mahjong is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. Take the time to learn the basics before jumping into a game.
Be patient: The game involves strategy, observation, and memory. Give yourself time to understand the flow.
Learn to read the tiles: Recognizing the Chinese characters on the tiles will make the game much easier.
Watch and learn: Observing skilled players is one of the best ways to improve your game.
Avoid touching others' tiles: Always wait for your turn and avoid interfering with another player's hand.
Why Expats Should Learn Mahjong
Great for socializing: Mahjong is a fantastic way to connect with locals and fellow expats.
Engages your mind: The game helps improve memory, concentration, and strategic thinking.
A cultural experience: Understanding mahjong gives you insight into Hong Kong’s traditions and lifestyle.
Whether you’re looking for a casual game with friends or want to sharpen your skills, mahjong is an engaging and rewarding pastime for expats in Hong Kong. Grab a set, find a group, and enjoy the thrill of the tiles!
